Term Definition Source
Cottonseed screenings Obtained in the commercial delinting and processing of cottonseeds for planting purposes. It consists of lint, stems, leaves, small and immature seeds, sand and/or dirt. It must be labeled with minimum guarantees for crude protein and crude fat and maximum guarantees for crude fiber and ash. If it contains more than 6.5% ash, the words "sand" and/or "dirt" must appear in the product name. AAFCO, 2000
Cottonseed, glandless Glandless cottonseed is the seed of cotton which has been selected through plant breeding to eliminate, or reduce to the extent practicable, seed pigment glands. NCPA, 1999-2000
Cotyledon One of the two halves of a seed; the cotyledons develop into the first two leaves of the young plant. (unspecified)
Cracked corn The entire corn kernel ground or chopped. It must contain not more than 4% foreign material. AAFCO, 2000
Cracking The breaking of the whole seed into several pieces to facilitate dehulling and flaking. (unspecified)
Crude cottonseed oil Crude cottonseed oil is the oil produced from cottonseed only, by either the hydraulic, expeller or screw press, prepress solvent, or solvent extraction process. (unspecified)
Crude soy oil Sometimes referred to as crude raw soybean oil; the unrefined oil produced by any one of the procedures described for the extraction of oil from soybeans. It is customary to filter the oil and/or allow it to settle after being processed from the soybeans as required by the standard trade specifications. Crude soy oil is a mixture of triglycerides composed of unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, linolenic) and saturated fatty acids, together with usually not more than 1.5% of free fatty acids and from 1.8% to 3.2% of phospholipids, depending on the quality and kind of soybeans and the procedure used in processing. (unspecified)
Defatted soy flour Flour produced by the nearly complete removal of the oil from soybeans by the use of hexane or other homologous hydrocarbon solvents; usually contains about 1% fat. (unspecified)
Degermed Having had the embryo of seeds wholly or partially separated from the starch endosperm. AAFCO, 2000
Degummed soy oil Sometimes referred to as crude degummed soy oil; The product resulting from washing crude soy oil with water and/or steam or another degumming agent for a specified period of time and then separating the oil-and-water mixture, usually by centrifugation, to remove the phosphatides. (unspecified)
Degumming The removal of phospholipids from vegetable oil by a water washing step. (unspecified)
Dehulled, dehulling Having removed the outer covering from grains or other seeds. AAFCO, 2000
Deodorizing A process involving use of high vacuum and superheated steam in washing of fats and oils. Deodorization removes from fats and oils materials originally present or introduced during previous processing which would contribute objectionable flavors and odors to the finished product. (unspecified)
Desolventizer-toaster Equipment for removing solvent from defatted flakes and for heating flakes sufficiently to overcome growth inhibition properties; the heating medium is steam. (unspecified)
Diglyceride A chemical combination of fatty acids and glycerine in the proportion of two fatty acid units to one glycerine unit. A diglyceride may result from the combination of the units or by splitting off one fatty acid unit from a triglyceride during fat breakdown or hydrolysis. (unspecified)
Drying oil An oil which is very easily oxidized and polymerized on exposure to air or oxygen. It is characterized by a shortage of hydrogen atoms in its fatty acid makeup and readily unites with oxygen to remedy this "unsaturation". The oxidation process results in formation of tough films or coatings of polymerized oil which may be used to fix or set pigments, as in paints. (unspecified)
Edamame (Japanese) See Green vegetable soybeans (unspecified)
Edible crude soy oil Soy oil which shall be of any of the following designated types produced from mature yellow soybeans: (1) expeller pressed, (2) expeller pressed degummed, (3) hydraulic pressed, (4) hydraulic pressed degummed, (5) solvent extracted, (6) solvent extracted degummed and (7) mixtures of any of the above-described types. When the oil is produced by solvent extraction, the name of the solvent used in the process must be given. (unspecified)
Emulsifier A material capable of causing fat or oils to remain in liquid suspension. AAFCO, 2000
Endosperm Starchy portion of seed. AAFCO, 2000